REVIEW AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX DIGITAL ELECTRICAL METERING DEVICES USED ON MODERN MERCHANT FLEET

. To monitoring and optimization the operation of merchant vessels, remote access to the ship's systems, the so-called "ship-shore" networks, is being established. This requires the use of new complex digital electrical metering devices. Choosing the right and optimal device from the available on the current market is not an easy task. This article provides an overview of the typical electrical value analyzers used to create online data collection and transmission systems. A comparative review of the three devices currently widely used by different manufacturers (Phoenix Contact, Germany; ABB, Switzerland; DEIF, Denmark). The data reviewed is compiled into a table. Examples of the usage of these devices on specific vessels are given.


Introduction
At the moment, multiple electrical parameters analyzers are widely introduced -digital devices that allow not only to fix parameters, but also to transmit information about the measured signals, creating a network of remote control. This replacement saves space and money, as one device is installed instead of the n-quantity (A, V, W, Hz, cosФ, etc.). It also solves the task of implementing an online data collection and transmission system.

The purpose of the work
In this article, we want to talk about some of these devices successfully implemented on merchant fleet (especially three sister-ships (Tsuneishi Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd. Shipyard Ship No's: SS197,SS198;Namura Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd. Shipyard Ship No: S414)).
Here's an overview of three standard complex digital electrical metering devices: 1. The EEM-MA600 (maker Phoenix Contact, Deutschland) is a highly accurate energy meter for measuring electrical parameters in low voltage installations up to 700V. It is designed for front-panel installation and supports the measurement, counting, and display of all electrical parameters in 1, 2, and 3-phase networks with and without neutral conductors (symmetrical and asymmetrical). The buttons located on the front of the device allow fast, direct access to the required parameters as well as device configuration. The device can be expanded using the special function and communication modules and can be configured using communication modules (Ethernet, PROFIBUS, MODBUS). The device can also be used to record the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the currents and voltages as well as the content of individual harmonic (odd) vibrations. Values up to the 25 th harmonic can be shown on the display. The display up to the 63 rd harmonic is possible via the MODBUS registers. A trend calculation can be performed for the real and reactive power, and alarm management can be activated (extension module EEM-2DIO-MA600 required) [1].
2. The M2M (maker ABB, Switherland) network analyser is an instrument that measures of the main electric quantities on 3-phase and monophase networks designed for the monitoring and the local or remote analysis of: electrical parameters of systems in low or medium voltage and system energy consumption [2].
All of the M2M series models are able to measure and process the quantities shown below: -voltages (phase neutral and concatenated) and relative peak values; -currents and relative peak values; -power factors or PF phases and the 3-phase system, with distinction iconbetween the inductive and capacitive load; -frequency (measured on L1-N phase); -active, reactive and apparent phase energies and the 3-phase system on 2quadrants (with automatic recognition function of the AT directions); -active, reactive and apparent power phases and the 3-phase system on 4quadrants (monitoring of energy aborbed and generated by the system); -average power values on a time period programmed by the user; -maximum calculated demand on active and apparent power; -voltage and current THdF expressed in absolute and percent values; -T1 increase total operating hour counter and T2 decrease partial hour counter; -balance of active, reactive and apparent energy of 3-phase system,balance = absorbed energy -generated energy; -balance of the "partial" active, reactive and apparent energies of the 3-phase system on 4 quadrants in a period that can be programmed by the user, balance = energy absorbed -energy generated; All of the models have the following in common: -multivoltage supply voltage; -multilanguage display with scrolling text; -self-diagnostic function for the installation control; -setting of a safety password; -T1 and T2 hour counter. 3. The MIC (maker DEIF, Denmark) multi-instrument is a microprocessor-based measuring unit providing measurement of all electrical quantities on a 1 or 3-phase electric energy distribution network. The measurements are shown on the built-in display. The MIC also has an RS485 interface that supports data exchange with a control system via Modbus RTU protocol. The MIC measures true RMS values on all 1 or 3-phase network topologies with or without neutral and with both balanced and unbalanced load. The MIC can replace a large number of standard analogue instruments in all electrical measuring applications. It can be applied both as a regular instrument and as a remote value-reading and control unit transmitting all measured values to the remote control system via the serial interface. The MIC contains all necessary measuring circuits and presents all values on a display with blue backlight. The display has 4 digits resolution for all measurements with the exception of the energy counter (9 digits). The backlight "on-time" is selectable. The MIC is a flexible measuring unit that enables the user to easily adapt the instrument to the individual application. Counter reset and change of the instrument settings can be password protected [3]. Power quality: -voltage/current unbalance factor, total harmonics distortion of voltage/current of each phase and total harmonics distortion of average voltage/current. Energy counter: -the MIC has 8 counters: export/import kWh, export/import kVArh, absolute sum of export/import kWh, algebraic sum of export/import kWh, absolute sum of export/import kVArh, algebraic sum of export/import kVArh.
Statistics data: -max/min values of voltage, current, total power, total reactive power, total apparent power, power demand, power factor and frequency.
Running hour: -meters the duration of the operation. Real time clock: -date and time.
The appearance of the devices is shown in Figure 1. The specifications of these devices can be presented as a composite table (Table 1). Hour counters + + +

Findings
Based on practical experience in the operation of ship's electrical systems, let's give examples of the specific use of the above devices. In particular, the energy meters EEM-MA600 (Phoenix Contact) were installed in online data acquisition system (DAQ Vector) to control parameters of all generator plants on board of motor vessel (bulk carrier, 2016 year build (Japan), deadweight 82000mt). Chosen due to higher supply voltage (no need to install additional transformer), high level of electrical isolation and high accuracy class of measurements. The multi-instrument MIC (DEIF) used in power control board of Ballast Water Treatment System (TechCross) to control output energy loads from all electrolyzing units on board of motor vessels (bulk carriers, 2016 year build (China), deadweight 82000mt). Chosen due to RS485 interface that supports data exchange with a control system. The network analyzer M2M (ABB) commonly used in different kind of control boards of vessel machineries such as auxiliary composite boilers, steering gears, fuel and oil purifiers, etc. Due to smaller installation size and alarm outputs.
It should be noted that despite the successful introduction of digital integrated electrical metering devices, analog devices still do not lose their relevance. In particular, for local reading data that do not require further transmission of data to the remote control network, replacing all devices with digital analogues is not necessary.