IMPROVEMENT OF THE COLLECTOR OUTPUT DEVICE OF THE DISK SEPARATORS

Abstrakt Disk separators operate on the basis of selective removal of a short fraction grain from a mixture with longer ones, for example, darnel grains and similar impurities from a mixture of wheat grains; or wheat grains from a mixture of wild oat seeds and other longer waste particles. For this purpose, the working bodies of separators— cylinders or disks — are equipped with special cavities, so called “cells”, which location, shape and size correspond to the technological operation. In the flow lines of the grain cleaning workshops of high-performance flour mills, predominantly, disk separators, which construction and productivity are well-known from the scientific and technical literature, are used. In recent decades, the improved, so-called small-scale disk separators for wild oat, for example, A9-УТО-6 and some others, have been created and become widely used. Their specialties include, in particular, the lack of interdisciplinary trays in the pre-configured prefabricated input device (i.e., they are characterized by the use of unblocked WUAs). Further improvement of an unblocked WUA is possible on the basis of “The grain mixture cleaning method", which involves the location of cells on the surface of the discs, which ensures that the short particles fall out of them with a compact beam at the same angle, regardless of the distance of the cell relative to the axis of rotation. Therefore, the casting model of the disc should receive a more complex construction, which, unlike the present, mainly manual technology, is expedient to use with modern CNC milling machines.

Disk separators function on the basis of the selective extraction of short grain fractions from a mixture with longer ones, for example, darnel grains from a mixture of wheat grains, or wheat grains from a mixture of wild oat.
For this purpose, the working bodies of Disk Separator -cylinders or disks -are equipped with special cavitiescells, the shape and dimensions of which depend on the technological operation.
Used in the flow lines of the grain cleaning workshops of high-performance flour mills, predominantly, disk separators, which construction and productivity are well-known from the scientific and technical literature are shown on Fig. 1. Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b show the general view and functional scheme of the disk separator of previous decades, for example, ЗТО-5, for which the use of a collector-output device of tray type [1] is characteristic.
In advanced small disk separators for wild oat, for example, the model A9-УТО6 and some others WUA with no tray areused [2].
On Fig. 1, it is shown that in the working space of the disk separator the following occurs: for each turn of the disk rotor, the discs are sequentially re-framed by four conventionally separated zones. In zone I there is a slip on the surface of long grain discs and the filling of cells is mainly short grains. However, some cells capture the long particles which have an unstable position. Therefore, within the 2nd zone, they drop out of the cells and return to the layer of the product that fills the separator. Short grains located in cells are quite stable. Their fall occurs only within the III zone, after turning the disc to a certain angle α в , called the angle of inclination. Empty cells cross the IV-zone (idle run) and appearagain in zone I, so, the cycle is going to be repeated.
In [3] the equation is given 2 cos( ) cos sin 0, sin where β is the angle of the guide face of the cell, hailstones; φ -angle of external gravity friction on the cell surface, degrees; ω -angular speed of rotation of a disk rotor, rad/s; R i -the radius distance from the centre of grains mass, located in the middle of the cell of the first line, to the axis of rotation of the disk, m.
Since the cells on the disk surface are located in concentric lines, the value of R i varies in the range from R вн (internal) to R зов (external). Therefore, for β, φ, ω = const, the angle of incidence from the cells of the i th row α ві is a function of the radius R i α ві = f (R i ), that is, the drop of the short grain beads from the cells of different rows occurs at different angles. The consequence of this is the lack of compactness of the beam of the curves trajectories, whichis confirmed by the results of the calculation and experimental determination of their parameters, shown on Fig. 2 At the same time, it is obvious that one of the conditions for the efficient operation of a non-stacking power plant is the compactness of the loss zone, that is, the loss of short grains from the cells of all concentric lines at the same angle α в (Fig. 3). This provides almost complete accessof the short grains being removed into the channel assembly and output device, contributes to the work of the separator with maximum and stable performance.
To solve this problem, it is necessary to take advantage of "The method for cleaning the grain mixtureʼʼ [4], according to which the location of the cells on the where γ i is the angle of deviation of the longitudinal axis of the cell from the tangent passing through the intersection point of the dividing line of the cell row and the radius R i .
The value of γ i is determined by the expression 2 2 2 cos sin( ) cos sin sin sin( ) sin cos cos cos sin sin cos( ) where α в -the magnitude of the angle of drop of grain from the cells of all i-th lines, degrees. If as an example, consider the outer line of cells and take αv = 50°; β = 50°; φ = 37°; ω = 5.76 rad / s and R з = 0.305 m, then we obtain γ = 16 °. In this way, the foundry model for the formation of a disk must be made so that the longitudinal axes of the casting marks on its surface were oriented in accordance with the results of calculations in expression (2).

TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT
Practical implementation of this proposal, with the existing technology of making foundry models, is quite expensive, because of it saccompaniation with hand-made manufacturing and picking signs on the model. Therefore, we consider to apply more modern methods.
For example, using CNC milling machines. This will not only facilitate and speed up the production of the model, but will also provide the required precision of the size of the marks and their orientation in each line.
Such improvement of unassembled prefabricated and removable devices of small-volume disk separatorsforwild oat will further reveal the potential of their design and will also increase their distribution both in Ukraine and abroad.