MODERNIZATION OF CORN GRAIN CRUSHER IN THE CONDITIONS OF IT-SYSTEM EQUIPMENT

Corn is widely used as a source of starch in the food, pharmaceutical, paper, mining and construction industries. This starch is usually obtained after the cleaning process, and corn germ, fiber and protein are also produced. It is used in the production of biodegradable plastic bags, medicines, paper, corrugated cardboard, detergents, paints, diapers, cosmetics, glue, surfactants and agrochemicals. Corn is the most important grain in the world. After all, in addition to the highest consumption of all grains, corn is also a universal product from which you can get fuel, electricity and household goods. This means that by increasing the volume of corn processing, it is possible to go beyond the agricultural sector and create goods with high added value. Growing corn for grain allows better use of agricultural machinery due to the later dates of sowing and harvesting. Valuable properties of corn cause its consistently high demand on the world market. Corn grain processing is part of the technological lines that are part of cereals. The main equipment that ensures high quality products are impact centrifugal crushers. Analysis of the operation of the impact-centrifugal crusher revealed the possibility of its operation in a wide range of changes in design parameters. The oretical aspects of the dependences of crusher productivity, which basically take its design parameters and modes, include: rotational speed of grinding discs, disc diameter, disc tooth length, thickness, and properties and parameters of grain material. As a result of the conducted researches the possibility of increase of qualitative characteristics of the processed products, and also productivity of the shock-centrifugal crusher is defined. To increase productivity, it is proposed to implement two options. On the one hand to make the rotational speed of the adjustable working body, on the other hand to increase the sizes of diameters of working disks, taking into account a design of the crusher for corn grain, having provided productivity of the crusher. The purpose of this work is to increase the efficiency of the grain crusher, which is part of the preparation of grain for grinding, to ensure the reliability of the machine, its productivity, improve the quality of finished products by implementing automation based on SMART-technology, defined as self-control technology and reporting. This technology provides long-term archiving of the received data that allows the dispatcher to watch work of the corresponding equipment, reacting by means of the ITservice program.


Formulation of the problem
Corn is the №1 grain in the world. After all, in addition to the highest consumption of all grains, corn is also a universal product from which you can get fuel, electricity and household goods. This means that by increasing the volume of corn processing, it is possible to go beyond the agricultural sector and create goods with high added value. Thus, if Ukraine uses corn not as a raw material for export, but for the sake of increasing industry, it will help increase the country's GDP much faster. Corn is widely used as a source of starch in the food, pharmaceutical, paper, mining and construction industries. This starch is usually obtained after the cleaning process, and corn germ, fiber and protein are also produced. It is used in the production of biodegradable plastic bags, medicines, paper, corrugated cardboard, detergents, paints, diapers, cosmetics, glue, surfactants and agrochemicals.
Maize is of great and agro-technological importance, as it clears the soil of weeds and is a good precursor in crop rotation. In terms of carbon dioxide ab-sorption and oxygen release, corn is one of the first among all cultivated plants and is even more efficient than a forest of similar area [1]. Growing corn for grain allows better use of agricultural machinery due to the later dates of sowing and harvesting. Valuable properties of corn cause its consistently high demand on the world market.
Corn grain processing is part of the technological lines that are part of cereals. The main equipment that ensures high quality products are impact centrifugal crushers.
Analysis of the operation of the impactcentrifugal crusher revealed the possibility of its operation in a wide range of changes in design parameters. Theoretical aspects of crusher productivity dependences are revealed, which basically take its design parameters and modes, in particular: rotational speed of grinding discs, disc diameter, disc tooth length, thickness, as well as properties and parameters of grain material.
As a result of the conducted researches the possibility of increase of qualitative characteristics of the processed products, and also productivity of the shockcentrifugal crusher is defined.
To increase productivity, it is proposed to implement two options. On the one hand to make the speed of the adjustable working body, on the other hand to increase the size of the diameters of the working disks, taking into account the design of the crusher for corn grain, ensuring the productivity of the crusher equal to 12t / h. Take as a basis a disc crusher for corn type ZDD.

Research results
Calculation Machine performance where: q o is the specific stress of 1 m 2 of the work-ing field area (for crushing corn q o = 2.4 kg / m 2 [3]); D д -outer diameter of the disks in m; v is the circumferential speed of the rotating disk, m / s; k is the ratio D д / d д (K = D д / 0.475).
The volume of the grain , where: is the volume of the sphere; d is the reduced particle diameter.

TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES, EQUIPMENT
The average speed of the product in the slot of the feeder Where: L п = L пб = 200 mm -the length of the feeder; δ п is the width of the feeder slot; δ п > 5d = 5 • 6.8 = 34 mm,  1 (fig. 3) through the elastic coupling 2 is transmitted to the shaft I on which the rotating disk 3 is fixed.
Shaft bearings I are located on the sleeves 5 and 6, which rotate together with the shaft, while the shaft is able to move in the axial direction. One half-clutch is mounted on the sleeve 6, and the second half-clutch is mounted on the motor shaft. On the sleeve 5 is fixed the drive pulley 7 of the flat belt transmission, which transmits rotation to the shaft II, which is fixed to the driven pulley 8 and the worm 9 of the worm gear. The worm gear transmits rotation to the shaft III, which is fixed to the worm wheel 10 and the feed drum 22.
Adjusting the gap between the disk 3 and the fixed disk 4 is as follows: when you turn the fork 17, the spring 20 ceases to act on.

Kinematic calculation
Output data Frequency of rotation of a mobile working disk п д = 986 r/min; Frequency of rotation of the feed drum п пб = 86 r/min; Axial distance of worm transmission а w = 100 mm; The diameter of the drive pulley of the flat belt transmission D 1 = 125 mm.
Determine the kinematic parameters of the machine drive (Fig.4)

Fig. 4. Kinematic scheme for calculation Calculation
The rotating shaft of the rotating disk receives rotation from through the coupling, then п д = п дв = 986 r/min The gear ratio of the feed drum drive is required 11,5 Take the gear ratio of the worm gear i ч = 10 and determine the gear ratio of the flat belt drive .
Determine the dividing diameter of the worm mm, (14) here: q is the coefficient of the diameter of the worm; m is the modulus (we assume q = 10, m = 4 mm [3]). At i ч = 10 the recommended number of measures of the worm Z 1 = 4, then the number of teeth of the worm wheel will be Z 2 = Z 1 • i ch = 4 • 10 = 40 mm. Determine the dividing diameter of the worm wheel: (15) Specify the wheelbase of the worm gear: . (16) Determine the diameter of the driven pulley flat belt transmission: mm here: ε = 0,015 -relative slip. We accept D 2 = 140 mm.

Conclusion from the calculation
Worm gear parameters: wheelbase а w =100 mm; gear ratio i ч = 10; the number of measures of the worm Z 1 = 4; the number of teeth of the worm wheel will be Z 2 = 40 mm; dividing diameters d 1 = 40 mm; d 2 =160 mm.
When the diameters of the pulleys D 1 = 125 mm and D 2 = 140 mm, the gear ratio of the flat belt transmission will be i р = 1.15.
Thus, the efficiency of the machine for crushing corn grains can be achieved through the following indicators: -machine productivity Q = 12 t / h; the frequency of rotation of the moving working disk п д = 986 r/min; outer diameter of disks D д = 965mm; inner diameter of disks d д = 475mm; circumferential speed of a rotating disk (on external diameter) v = 49,8m / s; length of the feeding drum L пб = 20mm; diameter of the feeding drum D пб = 275mm; the speed of the feed drum п пб = 86r / min; -the technological and kinematic characteristics of the machine for crushing corn grain are significantly affected -the speed of rotation of the rotor, the interdiscal gap between the rotating and stationary working body; At introduction of SMART-technologies for maintenance of an optimum mode of work in a production line it is necessary to apply such technical means, and also means of computer engineering: -organization of an automated workplace of the operator on the basis of a personal computer with a control system and data collection, designed to monitor and automatically control a large number of remote, geographically distributed objects and visualize the state of technological and transport equipment, control it, archive parameters; -temperature sensors of bearings of the driving electric motor, reducer, bearing supports of a working shaft of the car for crushing of corn grain; -control of grain consumption by means of the executive mechanism in the working chamber; -control and management of frequency of rotation of the driving electric motor of a working shaft of the car for crushing of corn grain; -control of current load of the driving electric motor of the shaft of the machine for crushing corn grain.
The most important component of the remote automated control system is the need to receive service messages. Current service messages are used to implement the dialog mode of the control system and the operator. Such messages are accompanied by an audible signal to attract the attention of the operator and are displayed on the control field in the central part of the monitor of the personal computer of the automated workplace. To confirm to the control system that the operator has read the message, he must press the interactive button "acknowledge" and the button "close", turn off the automatic warning sound alarm. All service messages are stored in the archive of technological messages, available for viewing and further correct analysis of the operator and the state of the technological process, in general, and each technological object, in particular, at any time, due to the need for IT service equipment . In this case, the archive table consists of the following columns -date, time, message text, and all technological messages displayed on the information board in different colored backgrounds are divided into: -emergency (blue background); -warning (blue background, tabl. 1); -auxiliary (blue background tabl. 2); -condition of equipment (tabl. 1); -logical messages (tabl. 2). Duplicate message on a white background captures the time of acknowledgment by the operator finding the message. For example, table 1, 2 in the form of layouts, which shows in what form the information can be provided to the operator and stored in the archive.